Century Equine

Tetanus is a disease caused by a toxin produced by a bacteria called Clostridium tetani. Horses appear to be the most sensitive of all the animal species. The bacteria is worldwide in distribution so it is a safe bet to assume it is present in your soil. The bacteria is introduced through wounds, usually punctures, and if the conditions are right the bacteria will produce the toxin. The disease manifests 10-14 days after exposure. Symptoms include localized stiffness in the region of the wound progressing to generalized stiffness. Spasms and increased sensitivity to stimuli come around a day later. Lockjaw, or difficulty eating, is a common sign. Horses often have their tail extended and lifted, third eyelid prolapsed and develop a ‘sawhorse’ stance. Treatment includes the use of sedatives, tetanus antitoxin IV, antibiotics and supportive care. Treatment will likely proceed over several weeks.

Tetanus is a disease that is preventable through vaccination. Tetanus anti-toxin is used for treatment and for protection in horses with an unknown vaccination status. The use of tetanus anti-toxin has its own set of side effects that your veterinarian will discuss with you prior to use.